Camera for a newb
 

I'm ultimately looking for a great camera for under $500, and should go only a little over if required. So some good photos can be taken by me I've nearly zero understanding in whats required or good to have in one single, but wish to understand. It must also be simple enough to simply take photos as my partner is likely to be using it a great deal too. I've been seeing lots of discuss SLR cameras also, just how much better are these? Any aid is greatly appreciated.